Runes in Diablo II: Resurrected (D2R) are socketable items with different bonuses in weapons, armor and shields. They also combine into runewords when inserted in the correct order into a compatible normal-quality socketed item. This list follows the rune order from El (#1) to Zod (#33).
El Rune
Rune #1 · Required level 11
Weapon: +1 Light Radius; +50 Attack Rating
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #2 · Required level 11
Weapon: +50 Attack Rating Against Undead; 75% Damage to Undead
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #3 · Required level 13
Weapon: +2 Mana After Each Kill
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #4 · Required level 13
Weapon: Knockback
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #5 · Required level 15
Weapon: -25% Target Defense
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #6 · Required level 15
Weapon: +9 Maximum Damage
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #7 · Required level 17
Weapon: Poison Damage: approximately 75 over 5 seconds
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #8 · Required level 19
Weapon: Adds 5–30 fire Damage
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #9 · Required level 21
Weapon: Adds 1–50 Lightning Damage
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #10 · Required level 23
Weapon: Adds 3–14 cold Damage (3 seconds)
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #11 · Required level 25
Weapon: 7% Life Stolen per Hit
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #12 · Required level 27
Weapon: +9 Minimum Damage
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #13 · Required level 29
Weapon: 20% Increased Attack Speed
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #14 · Required level 31
Weapon: 25% Hit Causes Monster to Flee
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #15 · Required level 0
Weapon: Requirements -20%
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Io Rune
Rune #16 · Required level 35
Weapon: +10 Vitality
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #17 · Required level 37
Weapon: +10 Energy
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Ko Rune
Rune #18 · Required level 39
Weapon: +10 Dexterity
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #19 · Required level 41
Weapon: +10 Strength
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #20 · Required level 43
Weapon: 75% Extra Gold from Monsters
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #21 · Required level 45
Weapon: +100 Attack Rating Against Demons; 75% Damage to Demons
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Um Rune
Rune #22 · Required level 47
Weapon: 25% Chance of Open Wounds
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #23 · Required level 49
Weapon: Prevent Monster Heal
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #24 · Required level 51
Weapon: 30% Better Chance of Getting Magic Items
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #25 · Required level 53
Weapon: 20% Bonus to Attack Rating
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #26 · Required level 55
Weapon: 7% Mana Stolen per Hit
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #27 · Required level 57
Weapon: 50% Enhanced Damage
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Lo Rune
Rune #28 · Required level 59
Weapon: 20% Deadly Strike
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #29 · Required level 61
Weapon: Hit Blinds Target +1
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #30 · Required level 63
Weapon: 20% Chance of Crushing Blow
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #31 · Required level 65
Weapon: Ignore Target's Defense
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #32 · Required level 67
Weapon: Freezes Target +3
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Rune #33 · Required level 69
Weapon: Indestructible
Effects, Cube recipe and runewords
Use three identical runes for upgrades from El through Lem, or two identical runes from Pul through Cham. Starting with the Thul-to-Amn recipe, a specific gem is also required. Zod is the final rune and cannot be upgraded further. See the complete rune upgrade recipes for the exact gem requirements.